As the Parsa expanded their sphere of political influence, particularly under the Achaemenian dynasty (559330 bce), the entire Iranian plateau became known to outsiders (such as the ancient Greeks) as Persia; its various peoples were designated (collectively) the Persians. Corrections? The name of Ariana is further extended to a part of Persia and of Media, as also to the Bactrians and Sogdians on the north; for these speak approximately the same language, with but slight variations. At first, the Western Iranian peoples in the Near East were dominated by the various Assyrian empires. The modern Ossetians are the descendants of the Alano-Sarmatians,[83][84] and their claims are supported by their Northeast Iranian language, while culturally the Ossetians resemble their North Caucasian neighbors, the Kabardians and Circassians. [77] For instance, the Proto-Slavonic words for god (*bog), demon (*div), house (*xata), axe (*topor) and dog (*sobaka) are of Scythian origin. [110] They speak a dialect version of Gujarati, and no longer speak in Persian. The capital is Tehrn, a sprawling jumbled metropolis at the southern foot of the Elburz Mountains. Learn more about our academic and editorial standards. The Persians are an Iranian ethnic group who comprise over half of the population of Iran. [29] Thus, especially in the Western world, the names Persia and Persian came to refer to all of Iran and its subjects. Iranian culture is today considered to be centered in what is called the Iranian Plateau, and has its origins tracing back to the Andronovo culture of the late Bronze Age, which is associated with other cultures of the Eurasian Steppe. In the early 18th and 19th centuries, scholars suggested that all Aryan peoples were white and fair-haired. Iranian Arabs and Azeris genetically overlap with Iranian peoples. The Anatolians were Indo-European-speaking peoples of the Anatolian Peninsula in present-day Turkey, identified by their use of the Anatolian languages. The first written reference to the Parsa occurs in the annals of Shalmaneser II, an Assyrian king, who reigned in the 9th century bce. There are an estimated 150 to 200 million native speakers of Iranian languages, the six major groups of Persians, Lurs, Kurds, Tajiks, Baloch, and Pashtuns accounting for about 90% of this number. The Serbs (Serbian Cyrillic: , romanized: Srbi, pronounced ) are a South Slavic ethnic group native to Southeastern Europe who share a common Serbian ancestry, culture, history, and language. Iranian Culture - Communication Cultural Atlas So, now that you know about some of the common characteristics of the Persian people, you may begin to notice that you have something in common with them. In Greek inscription says "ego tou Arianon ethnous despotes eimi", which translates to "I am the king of the kingdom (nation) of the Iranians". They have a rounded head, small, rounded ears, and big eyes. This included the Persian-Iranian people, whose name means of the Aryan race.. Dairy products, especially yogurt, also are characteristic of Persian cuisine. This video is a guide on how to identify a Persian cat based on their physical chara. Persian Cat Breed - Facts and Personality Traits | Hill's Pet [15], The term Iran derives directly from Middle Persian rn / AEran () and Parthian Aryn. Europeans, and certain South Asians (specifically the Parsi minority) showed the highest affinity with Iranians, while Sub-Saharan Africans and East Asians showed the highest differentiation with Iranians.[131]. The Persians are known for their intricately inlaid metalwork as well as for their legacy of extraordinary architecture. This is certainly not true as the Persian people have traced their genetic ancestry back to the first indo-Aryan groups that migrated to the area thousands of years ago. Many Iranian tribes, including the Khwarazmians, Massagetae and Sogdians, were assimilated and/or displaced in Central Asia by the migrations of Turkic tribes emanating out of Xinjiang and Siberia.[82]. Another Iranian tribe related to the Saka-Scythians were the Parni in Central Asia, and who later become indistinguishable from the Parthians, speakers of a northwest-Iranian language. These Iranian-speaking Scythians and Sarmatians dominated large parts of Eastern Europe for a millennium, and were eventually absorbed and assimilated (e.g. [91] Currently, most of these Iranian peoples live in Iran, Afghanistan, the Caucasus (mainly Ossetia, other parts of Georgia, Dagestan, and Azerbaijan), Iraqi Kurdistan and Kurdish majority populated areas of Turkey, Iran and Syria, Tajikistan, Pakistan and Uzbekistan. Most meals include rice, meat (usually lamb), and onions and other vegetables, all uniquely seasoned with saffron, turmeric, rose water, mint, and lime in various combinations. These peoples were among the oldest Indo-European ethnolinguistic groups and one of the most archaic, because Anatolians were among the first Indo-European peoples to separate from the Proto-Indo-European community that gave origin to the . some of the largest rivers; the Dniestr and Dniepr), as well as loanwords adopted predominantly through the Eastern Slavic languages and adopted aspects of Iranian culture amongst the early Slavs, are all a remnant of this. Required fields are marked *, This Article was Last Expert Reviewed on December 15, 2022 by Chris Drew, PhD. Persians live in a very diverse geographical region. The following either partially descend from or are sometimes regarded as descendants of the Iranian peoples. It was inscribed on UNESCO's World Heritage List in June 2011. In 21st-century Iran there remain a small number of Zoroastrians; larger numbers of Zoroastrians now live in South Asia. [56] The Parthian language, which was used as an official language of the Parthian Empire, left influences on Persian,[57][58][59] as well as on the neighboring Armenian language. 10 Turkish People Physical Characteristics and Traits [11] The Achaemenids developed the infrastructure to support their growing influence, including the establishment of the cities of Pasargadae and Persepolis. [24][a] The earliest epigraphically attested reference to the word arya- occurs in the Bistun Inscription of the 6th century BC. Even so, the foundations of Persian culture were already set prior to the 3rd millennium BCE.. [48], The Sintashta culture emerged from the interaction of two antecedent cultures. Persian holidays are occasions for enjoying local foods. The ancient Iranian peoples who emerged after the 1st millennium BC include the Alans, the Bactrians, the Dahae, the Khwarazmians, the Massagetae, the Medes, the Parthians, the Persians, the Sagartians, the Sakas, the Sarmatians, the Scythians, the Sogdians, and likely the Cimmerians, among other Iranian-speaking peoples of Western Asia, Central Asia, Eastern Europe, and the Eastern Steppe. [98][99][62], The Hazaras, making up the third largest ethnic group in Afghanistan,[100][101][102] speak a variety of Persian by the name of Hazaragi,[103] which is more precisely a part of the Dari dialect continuum. [37] The Indo-Aryans split off around 18001600 BC from the Iranians,[38] whereafter they were defeated and split into two groups by the Iranians,[39] who dominated the Central Eurasian steppe zone[40] and "chased [the Indo-Aryans] to the extremities of Central Eurasia. Slavicisation) by the Proto-Slavic population of the region.[8][9][11]. The RomanPersian wars and the ByzantineSasanian wars would shape the landscape of Western Asia, Europe, the Caucasus, North Africa, and the Mediterranean Basin for centuries. Here is a list of five of the significant stereotypical traits: Greek writers often referred to the Persians as slavish by birth because they had a peaceful life full of agricultural farming. A remnant of the Sogdians is found in the Yaghnobi-speaking population in parts of the Zeravshan valley in Tajikistan. [111] They do however continue to use Avestan as their liturgical language. The Arabs conquered the Sassanid Empire of the Persians and seized much of the Byzantine Empire populated by the Kurds and others. [22][23] In historical contexts, especially in English, "Persian" may be defined more loosely (often as a national identity) to cover all subjects of the ancient Persian polities, regardless of their ethnic background. Its immediate predecessor in the Ural-Tobol steppe was the Poltavka culture, an offshoot of the cattle-herding Yamnaya horizon that moved east into the region between 2800 and 2600 BC. [53] It is probably better termed an archaeological complex or archaeological horizon.
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